Fuel Ghoul

What’s the Future of Toronto’s Trash?

Toronto is a big city that makes a lot of garbage. According to this municipal website, Toronto sent approximately 750,100 tonnes of waste to a Michigan landfill site in 2005.

In 2005, an average of 86 truck loads of Toronto’s garbage was transported 500 plus miles (round trip) into Michigan everyday – the only good news is that this amount was down from an all time high of 142 trucks a day in 2003.

TRASH COLLECTION DAY IN TORONTO

Fuel Ghoul can see the bins at the base of the apartment buildings along Jameson Ave. and below the towers on Trethway and at Jane and Eglington Avenue – these giant black industrial bins are usually overflowing with garbage by the weekend, and are heaped high by the time they are collected midweek. The low income residents of these low rent apartment buildings do not recycle their trash – and they eat a lot of fast food in Styrofoam containers and drink water out of small plastic bottle and then dispose of everything in their household garbage. They indiscriminately dispose of all plastics, newspapers and aluminum cans without giving any thought to recycling the goods as that would mean carrying the items downstairs and sorting them into the appropriate bins.

ALUMINUM CANS are the most profitable component of any modern recycling program- they simply must be recycled. Did you know that 95% less energy is used to make new aluminum cans out of old recycled cans? Throwing away a single aluminum can is like pouring out six ounces of gasoline.

Today, sending more of Toronto's trash to Michigan is not an option. Two US Senators recently brokered a deal to plug the hole and stop the flow.

The deal calls for waste shipments to be reduced by 20 per cent by the end of 2007, by 40 per cent by the end of 2008 and then fully eliminated by the end of 2010. Earlier this year, the government streamlined the environmental approval processes to allow dumps to be built faster.

Toronto and neighboring municipalities have developed a plan.

Toronto has an effective garbage plan designed to punish big polluters in the pocketbook. At the June 20, 2007 City Council meeting, Councilors approved a new plan to achieve 70% diversion from landfill by 2010. The plan includes a new funding system to pay for the additional programs and services.

New Garbage Cans and Custom

IN 2007 city council will be distributing new garbage cans while promoting a new waste disposal system.
The new plan is simply that every household will buy a new trash bin. The smallest size (about one and a half garbage bags every two weeks) is free. Larger bins are more expensive. Any solid waste that can't be fit into the containers will cost residents approximately $2.00 per bag extra upon collection.

Here's how it breaks down,

75-litre (one bag) - less than $209
(no charge on bill)

120-litre (1.5 bags) - approximately $250
($250 minus $209 = $41 on bill)

240-litre (3 bags) - approximately $310
($310 minus $209 = $101 on bill)

360-litre (4.5 bags) - approximately $360
($360 minus $209 = $151 on bill)

 

Fuel Ghoul believes the City of Toronto will be sending each resident four free passes in the mail.  READ MORE  Fuel Ghoul loves the idea and supports the new Toronto trash plan!

RECYCLING WORKS

75% less energy and 50% less water is used to make paper from recycled paper versus raw wood fiber. Recycling one tonne of old newspapers saves 19 trees. Toronto typically recycles 100,000 tonnes of newspapers annually; the city's recycling program saves more than two million trees annually.

30% less energy is used to make glass from recycled crushed glass cullet versus new resources.

74% energy reduction is achieved by reusing steel cans and every tonne of recycled steel cans saves 1.36 tonnes of iron ore.

 
A 33% energy reduction is seen when new products are made from recyclable plastics.

In 2007 polluters should be more aware of the trash they create and the trek that trash makes everyday - the transport of trash is tragedy.

Fuel Ghoul still says : Reduce Reuse and Recycle

 

 

What's the frequency Kanzius?

When Fuel Ghoul heard about the Pennsylvania man that managed to set fire to a vial of salt water with a homemade radio frequency generator, he went online to find the answer to one simple question - what‘s the frequency?

 
But the media bytes for this story are all the same. The same video is embedded in every blog   and the same data has been recycled all over the internet. Nobody knows the frequency… and nobody seems to care.

The First Law of Thermodynamics states that the increase in the internal energy of a thermodynamic system is equal to the amount of heat energy added to the system minus the work done by the system on the surroundings.

 
No law abiding scientist would ever think that perhaps radio frequencies could create a shortcut around the age old ‘conservation of energy’ fundamentals. But yet that’s what the ultra positive newspaper reporters and bloggers want you to believe is the truth.

 
Perhaps I should explain the whole situation. When John Kanzius tried to desalinate seawater with a device he had created to (supposedly) treat cancer, he found he could keep the water burning like a candle as long as it was exposed to the proper frequencies.

 
Not surprisingly, most of the scientific community initially dismissed Kanzius' claim as a hoax. However, when Rustum Roy (a chemistry professor at Penn State University) took John up on the challenge, and attempted to recreate the experiment, he was amazed to see that it actually worked.

 
Of course the salt water itself isn't actually on fire. No, what’s happening is that the radio frequency’s resonance weakens the water molecule and its constituents separate into oxygen and hydrogen. Bombarded by intense radio waves, the salt water comes to a boil producing a spray of salt water, which then provides a conductive path for RF arcing, similar to arcing from a tesla coil.

Yes, it still obeys the laws of thermodynamics because the energy input via RF waves is greater than the energy released in the form of heat and light.

 
There’ll be more data on this story in the mainstream media next week, after Rustum Roy meets with officials from the Department of Energy and the Department of Defense to try to obtain research funding.

 
The scientists want to find out whether the energy output from the burning hydrogen  (which reached a heat of more than 3,000 degrees Fahrenheit) would be enough to power a car or other heavy machinery.

 
Fuel Ghoul  just wants to know the frequency.

APEC has no effect on Climate Change

On Sept 7-10th 2007, leaders of 21 nations, including the USA, China, Japan and Canada met at the APEC (Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation) summit in Sydney, Australia. This gathering could have helped environmentalists set binding global targets to avert catastrophic climate change… but it didn’t. The Americans and coal rich Australia instead pushed voluntary "aspirational goals" which you and I both know will amount to nothing more than CO2 rich hot air.

Fuel Ghoul has received a number of email messages asking for more details about Bush's climate plan, the one he is rallying polluters around the world to support. The core of the issue is that George Bush opposes the most critical and effective element of a global treaty: emissions targets that actually count.

 
Perhaps that's why US president George Bush has mounted a push for a process outside of the UN negotiations. In fact, he has just recently invited the world's biggest polluting nations to a summit this September to discuss his toothless approach to climate change.

 Are US politicians now thinking outside the box?

 
George Bush acknowledged the fears of some policy makers that the United States is trying to construct a successor to the Kyoto Protocol outside of international efforts already under way. The Bush administration does not support any agreement that does not included developing nations, like China and India, which are the world’s fastest growing energy consumers.

 "We agree these issues must be addressed in an integrated way," he said. "We take climate change seriously in America." But America is all talk and no action. The United States never ratified Kyoto, which requires 35 nations to cut emissions 5 percent below 1990 levels by 2012. And some press reports have indicated that the American delegation has no less than twelve SUVs (and those are just the ones on camera) while other visiting nations are content to bring two or three vehicles to the conferences.

 
Now the Bush administration has unveiled plans for global warming talks later this month that will bring together the world's biggest polluters to seek agreement on reducing greenhouse gases. The United States, one of the world's biggest emitters of greenhouse gases (if not the largest), made no statement at Tuesday's sessions, and has repeatedly rejected firm targets for cutting greenhouse gas emissions, maintaining this would hurt the US economy. A senior U.S. official has said that the current administration stood by its opposition to mandatory economy-wide caps. Many climate experts say that without binding U.S. emissions targets, the chance for significant progress is limited.  

Washington calls for voluntary rather than mandatory emissions cuts.

As mentioned earlier, both the USA and Australia hope the next climate change treaty will address the growing energy consumption, and resultant pollution of China and India.

China's President Hu Jintao gave only qualified support to Australia's initiative on climate change, while some developing nations criticized Australian and US moves to put their vision of climate change at the top of the agenda at the gathering in Sydney.

 
After meeting Australian Prime Minister John Howard, Mr Jintao said he preferred the UN framework for handling climate change proposals compared with the Sydney Declaration.

He added: "We very much hope that this Sydney Declaration will give full expression to the position that the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change would remain the main channel for international efforts to tackle climate change."

 
The declaration should also reflect UN principles of "common but differentiated responsibilities" towards lowering harmful greenhouse gas emissions.

 
Malaysia Trade Minister Rafidah Aziz said the leaders at the APEC should not be dealing with emission targets at all, while ministers from the Philippines and Indonesia also questioned the approach.

 
Climate control was supposed to top the agenda at APEC.

High-level discussions at APEC could have shaped new talks at a U.N. conference in December in Bali, Indonesia. Many pray that future conference will chart a successor to the Kyoto Protocol, which expires in 2012. The U.S has called for a Sept. 27-28 conference in Washington of the 15 biggest polluters.

 
Stephen Harper hopes we'll all forget his dismal record.

While on the subject of aspiration goals and hot air, Prime Minister Stephen Harper went on record to say that simply getting the world's biggest emitters to start talking about a post-Kyoto climate change plan is a big step forward.  And that's  it.

 
Harper says nations representing two thirds of global emissions essentially "opted out" of the Kyoto protocol. "So we have to do a better job next time," says Harper. But what does that mean?  Fuel Ghoul hopes that Stephen Harper is not involved in the process. Its a well known fact that Canada also opted out of Kyoto’s emission targets when Stephen Harper’s Progressive Conservatives, bent by the resolve of some powerful Canadian corporations, released a Clean Air Act that will actually allow Canada's biggest polluters to increase their emissions !!!

 
Scientists agree, now is humanity's window of opportunity to stop a climate catastrophe.

Over 400,000 people signed Avaaz.org’s APEC petition.   On Saturday, these environmentalists are going to launch a massive 144-square meter floating canvas "target" at Sydney's iconic Bondi Beach where it will be taken out to sea by surfers and then eventually floated over the Great Barrier Reef which many experts believe will be completely destroyed by climate change by the year 2030.

The Rise of Technocracy

When our ancestors reflect back on the first decade of the 21st century, they will remember how Al Gore led a campaign against global warming that was championed by millions of people in a new age of awareness and connectivity; some might even identify this as the birth to a new system of government, technocracy. Fuel Ghoul believes people will say ‘Thank God for the internet, that was our most important weapon.’

Buckminster Fuller would have been Impressed with the web's growing power as a communication medium (and marketing tool) and Fuel Ghoul himself signs forum posts with Bucky's favourite line ‘If the people lead, the leaders will follow’; he recognizes that although online social networks have millions of members, they are still in their infancy. But these are the seeds of the first mechanisms of technocracy. What’s technocracy you ask? Technocrats desire a zero growth socio-economic system based upon conservation and abundance, as opposed to scarcity-based economic systems like capitalism. Technocracy is also closely allied to universal connectivity (web 3.0), and some experts believe it will only happen when national referendums occur every weekend, with minimal cost to the system.

Members inside organizations like Lime.com, TreeHugger.com, and Wondercafe.ca are just beginning to collect real political power as their memberships continue to grow and impediments fade.

Canadians, like the citizens of most other nation states, can now do more than ever before to help their elected leaders govern their homeland. Of course many citizens will still choose to silently believe their leaders’ promises, but more responsible voters can now effortlessly interact with new management teams, and more importantly everyone can now interact with each other. Voters can and will eventually join into cohesive constituencies that can’t be ignored by politicians hoping to hold seats.

Some organizations already use their solidarity to affect policy change. Greenpeace is so powerful it can affect this nation's election platforms. Greenpeace Canada does it right – they are marketing geniuses! This member financed organization stages sensational protests and creates news worthy events across the nation, and then campaigns for donations (and new members) on the streets of Canada’s largest cities. Fuel Ghoul has twice encountered Greenpeace representatives with clipboards and brochures standing in the shade of the mulberry trees on the south east corner of King St and John St (upwind of the hotdog vendor).

As a member, I will advocate, the Greenpeace action plan really works. I admire most how Greenpeace Canada can now harnesses the political clout of a cohesive membership to send angry messages to Canadian politicians. Check out this email campaign against Ontario Energy Minister Dwight Duncan regarding Liberal Premier Dalton McGunity's broken promise to close the coal plant in Nanticoke.  Avaaz.org is perhaps even more of an internet success story - check out Avaaz.org media here.

 

Election Campaigns should change the reality of day to day life – the citizens of every nation should see improvements in their communities within two years of electing new officials. That’s because appealing to millions of people is no easy feat, and the more pressure that’s applied to these schmucks, the more positive change Canadians can extract from wealthy corporations and big polluters.

 
With the 2006 release of Al Gore’s documentary An Inconvenient Truth, there came a small glimmer of hope that politicians might be ready to heed the warnings of our human impact on the world. But don't be fooled - nothing is going to happen without a fight. Now is the time to come together and demand change!

 
The Ontario general election of 2007 is scheduled to be held on October 10, 2007 to elect members of the Legislative Assembly of the Province of Ontario, Canada. Its August and already the environment has moved to the front of the issues in each candidate ’s platform. Because of the internet, our politicians know they must do more than just talk a green campaign, they must act environmentally friendly too.

Ontario politicians have adopted some interesting ideas on how to travel across the province this fall. The Liberals will be using buses that produce low sulphur emissions, while the Progressive Conservatives plan to run their vehicles on biodiesel. The New Democrats are eliminating the party leader's bus altogether; Howard Hampton will travel in a hybrid SUV.

 
Green Party Leader Frank de Jong will tour the province in a biodiesel vehicle, while also campaigning largely on public transit and on a bicycle for a few stops, the Green party said. All four parties will be buying what are called carbon offsets for the greenhouse gases they do emit.

 
Carbon credits can also be recognized by technocrats as the currency of the next age. They provide a way to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by giving them a monetary value. A credit gives the owner the right to emit one tonne of carbon dioxide. Carbon credits are generated as the result of an environmentally positive project that will result in emissions reductions such as reforestation, fuel switching, and carbon capture and storage.

 
Fuel Ghoul would like everyone to read Buckminster Fuller's Utopia or Oblivion.

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NAFTA could force Canada to sell water to the USA

Fuel Ghoul is drowning in water disputes this summer!  First it was the lunacy of letting Coke and Pepsi bottle our public water, and now its become clear that the US government is plotting to capture a large percentage of Canada's fresh water supply using the North American Free Trade Agreement! This discussion on WonderCafe.ca serves to educate everyone on the perversions of certain US political organizations and their thirst for this most precious Canadian resource.

Travis Lupick, a reporter for an online newspaper called The Straight wrote on August 16, 2007 about a noisy demonstration outside the Westin Bayshore hotel in Vancouver two days earlier. It seems this dispute is the latest in a growing campaign of resistance to the proposed Security and Prosperity Partnership (SPP) of North America.

Police kept protesters out of the Vancouver hotel on August 14, where international trade representatives from Canada, the US, and  Mexico  were holding talks. Apparently the SPP meeting was focused on the possibility of bulk-water sales and diversions of fresh water from Canada to the US.

Do you feel like demonstrating? On August 20 and 21, the SPP will host a North American Leaders' Summit in Montebello, Quebec. Peter Julian, MP for Burnaby–New Westminster, believes that Canada's fresh water will once again be on the table.

The NDP has obtained a "concept paper" prepared by an American think-tank involved in the SPP. It emphasizes Canada's relative abundance of fresh water and proposes rewriting transboundary water­-management agreements for the North American continent. The author, Armand B. Peschard-Sverdrup, is director of the Mexico Project for the Washington, D.C. based Centre for Strategic & International Studies.

There is something wrong with our politicians - they are weak! Fuel Ghoul predicts that everyone living north of the border can now expect our water to enter into the same power struggles that characterize energy and softwood-lumber negotiations. "Decisions around forestry policy aren't made in Victoria or Ottawa, they're made in Washington" Peter Julian told Travis Lupick, "We could be seeing the same type of thing for water policy if the SPP continues."

The Big Bottled Water Problem

Any readers that were working in downtown Toronto in 1972 might still remember the day when the first water coolers debuted in their office. It was a small innovation that created a profound ‘social revolution’ in the professional landscape - water cooler gossip was born.

 
That day also marks the first time those space age clear plastic five gallon jugs were used in the commidification of public drinking water; it was possible only because of mass production, and the proliferation of injection molding technology, and the maturation of the plastic resins industry, and of course the abundance of cheap oil. But one thing above all else helped put those big jugs on the shelf - urban myths about the fallibility of the public water supply.

 

Indeed it was in the nineteen seventies when these urban myths started, around those new water coolers. ‘Town water filters through industrial parks, sewers and graveyards, before it reaches your lips.’ That was the big ‘urban myth’ that birthed an entire new subsection of the beverage industry. ‘Purified water’ was born.

 

Few people know that purified water is just tap water that has been treated to improve taste, and quality. Spring water is water that flows naturally from the earth and has been collected at the source. Mineral Water is spring water with dissolved minerals, no more than 250 parts per million, that come directly from the source.

Fuel Ghoul can remember, not too long ago, when the bottled water section at the grocery store was primarily devoted to a few gallon jugs of distilled water. Today, the bottled water is expansive; it’s a major section of the beverage aisle and enjoys the prestige of being the fastest growing, and most profitable segment of the entire beverage industry.

 
In 2006, the total sales for bottled water in North America was estimated to be around 100 billion (US) dollars annually, and what’s more disturbing is that it’s increasing at a remarkable seven percent growth rate annually. http://www.bottledwaterblues.com/

 
The large demand is driven by several factors, including perceived convenience, perceived safety versus municipal water, and perceived potability with taste advantages over municipal water. And of course packaging and advertising work to foster these perceptions - brand bottled water is very similar to branded soft drinks. Two of the largest bottled water sellers, Coca-Cola and Pepsi, use municipal water. The unprecedented demand for their products increases demand for public water, which they purchase at a substantially lower price than households are asked to pay. 1.wiki

 
Experts speculate that if the trend for bottled water consumption continues, it could lead to the privatization of municipal water supplies.

The classic urban myths are still popular today -  according to the National Water Quality Association,  56% of North Americans are worried about the quality of municipally treated tap water. This, along with the desire for better tasting drinking water, has fueled the tremendous growth of the bottled water industry.

Proponents of Bottled Water still actively perpetuate these urban myths. Look at the CBWA, the Canadian Bottled Water Association which continues to propagate the idea of unsafe tap water by addressing all the scary things that people have ‘heard’ about inside public systems.(Fuel Ghoul is loath to provide these people with ANY exposure but yet I must expose their methods) Look here how they sow the seeds of doubt.  7) I've heard of cryptosporidium and giardia being found in tap water. What are they? Cryptosporidium is a water borne parasite that lives in hooved animals and can be passed into surface water through their waste. Cryptosporidium from animal wastes have been found in rivers, streams, lakes, reservoirs, and many other types of surface water. Infection can last for months and can be fatal.

Without actually typing it, the CBWA reinforces the fallibility of municipal water.

David Suzuki was very critical of bottled water on CBC television earlier this year  when he told viewers that even when traveling, he always insists on being refreshed with municipal water, served in a glass. Mr. Suzuki informed everyone that tap water comes to us through an energy-efficient infrastructure, while bottled water is often transported long distances--and nearly one-fourth of it across national borders--by boat, train, airplane, and truck.

 
Do you feel better because you recycle those plastic water bottles?

More often than not, the empty plastic bottle is discarded in the nearest trash pail without thought by the consumer. According to the Container Recycling Institute, eighty six percent of plastic water bottles used in the United States are not recycled, and end up in public landfill sites. Incinerating these plastic bottles produces toxic byproducts such as chlorine gas and ash containing heavy metals tied to a host of human and animal health problems. On average, buried water bottles take over 1,000 years to breakdown. More than 40% of the water bottles that are recycled in North America are shipped to China for processing, so even more fossil fuel in expended in the cycle.

Social action and mass public re-education is required to break this evil health trend. Fuel Ghoul recognizes that at least three online environmentally friendly web site communities, Lime.com and Treehugger.com, and WonderCafe.ca are spreading the word to their memberships. These recruits will tell friends who are off line, or on other social networks. Working together in this manner social networks can form political constituencies and solidify positive change.

In August 2006, the United Church of Canada tabled a motion at its general council meeting to ask members to stop buying bottled water as a protest against the privatization of water supplies. Today the UCC sponsored WonderCafe.ca hosts frequent discussions on the subject.

A campaign called “Refill Not Landfill”  is urging all of us to sign a pledge to boycott water bottles for a week, a month or a year. Fuel Ghoul has discovered that this campaign was launched by Nalgene, a company that makes reusable polycarbonate bottles. It seems proceeds from the campaign go to renewable-energy projects.

 

If the anti-bottle bandwagon succeeds, it may not be long before the ubiquitous bottle of Evian or Dasani will disappear from movie star’s hands and hopefully, store shelves. But what will take its place? Probably a reusable bottle – something you can fill and refill with tap water.

 
Let’s make bottled water the next victim of our crusading environmentalism. If you are concerned about your water and wish to purchase a filter, Fuel Ghoul found this handy comparison chart.

http://www.waterfiltercomparisons.com/Water_Filter_Comparison_Matrix.cfm

 

The Business of Harvesting Wind Energy

Imagine a farm that grows nothing but pure green energy.

 
While haunting Associated Content, Fuel Ghoul was struck down by an article penned by Chrissy Coleman about the business of owing and operating a wind farm in California. Entitled ‘Eco-Friendly Windpower in Calfornia's San Gorgonio Pass’, this article takes a fresh perspective on alternative energy;  Chrissy outlines the economics of owning a wind farm, the costs, the technology, and the business in California.

Readers here in Canada will remember that Enbridge Inc. plans to start construction this summer on a major wind-power project in Bruce County (now that the Ontario Municipal Board has overruled residents fearing noise and unsightliness). In fact the Ontario Municipal board just ruled in favour of the project this week. The 182-megawatt project, one of the largest wind farms in Canada, is expected to be completed by the end of next year.

 
With that development in mind, let’s look at Windtec, nestled in the Coachella Valley just southwest of Palm Springs. Here the San Jacinto Mountains form a natural wind tunnel that powers 4,000 windmills collectively producing enough electricity on the average to power a city the size of San Francisco. Chrissy Coleman’s article interviews Jack Norie, of Windtec, who reports that electricity generated by wind turbines in the San Gorgonio Pass is sold to Southern California Edison at the rate of 6 cents per KwH.

The size of the property dictates how many windmills can be placed on the farm for maximum power and profit generating efficiency. Each windmill is spaced 4 wind blade diameters apart (~700 feet) to maximize the wind power so that each windmill does not steal wind from the next one, similar to the way a sailboat can steal wind power from a boat in front of it.

"Make no mistake about it, wind farms are a business. Once the original investment is paid off, it's pure profit," explained Norie. The cost of a modern windmill is approximately $1.5 million per turbine but the investment cost breaks even between 4-6 years of operation. The average life of a windmill is about 25 years. Once installed, the only additional cost is semi-annual maintenance to grease and wash the blades and any unanticipated repairs. He estimated Windtec's annual profit margin to be roughly between $350,00-400,000.

 
Everyday the eight plus wind farms in the valley sell electricity to the city – everyday these ‘farmers’ watch their dials and gauges and calculate their ROI. The goal of wind power generation design is aerodynamic efficiency and total cost of return. Unlike classical Dutch designs, or the Spanish versions that Don Quixote tilted, modern wind turbines have just three blades. Norie notes, ‘[that] is the best way to capture wind power." He added, "A fourth blade could be better for generation, but the cost of maintaining it exceeds the cost of investment." Fuel Ghoul finds the math fascinating.

Chrissy's article highlights the newer wind turbines that have variable pitch changing blades that rotate slightly to face upwind to maximize wind efficiency and minimize instability that places extra force on a windmill's 200-foot tower and its 80-foot implanted foundation. The anemometer, or wind speed sensor, senses adequate velocity and direction of incoming winds and will adjust the blades to maximize power generation. The first and second-generation models of stable blades were only 60% efficient on capturing wind power compared to the third and fourth generation variable pitch blade turbines, Norie said.

Other times, the wind may be too strong and the anemometer will cause the blades to slow down, or in extreme winds, to shut down completely. Too much wind can burn out a wind turbine's generator and place too much force on the tower. Over time, this can lead to repair costs.

Likewise, the choice in materials is based on return of investment. Windmill blades are made out of fiberglass because it is relatively inexpensive compared to other materials like Kevlar and Titanium that could generate more power. "A set of three blades made out of fiberglass costs ~$60,000 while a set composed of other materials can cost up to ten times as much. The profit return is just not feasible at that point," Norie explained.

 
Fuel Ghoul found Chrissy's article very revealing. He now asks, why doesn’t Ontario Hydro license independently owned wind farms in this province? ANSWER - They do. But its not something that's advertised or actively encouraged at any level... Here is Wikipedia’s list of ten wind power installations run outside of Ontario Hydro that contribute over 500 MW daily,

1. Prince Project  (Owned by Brookfield Properties).                     189 MW
2. Erie Shores - Port Burwell, (Clean Power Income Fund)                99 MW
3. Melancthon I,                                                                        67.5 MW
4. Kingsbridge - phase 1 (Owned by EPCOR)                                39.6 MW
5. Huron - Kincardine,                                                                 9.0 MW
6. Ferndale,                                                                                1.8 MW
7. Pickering                                                                                1.8 MW
8. WindShare, Toronto waterfront,                                              0.8 MW
9. Port Albert, (adjacent to Kingsbridge)                                      0.7 MW
10. Tiverton,                                                                              0.6 MW

 
Fuel Ghoul’s message to readers – if you have one hundred million dollars to spend, build a wind farm north of Toronto and sell power directly to Brampton and Barrie, two of the fastest growing cities in Canada. If readers would like to discuss this proposition, please join the discussion 'How will rising gas prices affect society?' at Wonder Cafe.ca.

Air Cars Available Soon (in India)

In the not too distant future, the biggest cities in North America will adopt a zero tolerance policy towards automobile pollution. That means that today’s top selling hybrid vehicles, the Toyota Prius, the Honda Insight and the Honda Civic Hybrid would not meet the required ‘zero emissions’ criteria, and would be banned from driving on our city streets. Only electric cars, scooters, bicycles and horses would be welcome downtown… and maybe CATS.

 
The Air Car

CATS or Compressed Air Technology vehicles are cars made to function entirely on compressed air. Tata Motors (the largest auto maker in India) has signed an agreement with Moteur Development International (MDI) of France to develop their MiniCAT and the CityCAT for the Indian sub continent’s primarily urban markets. These cars will run on air, and be very attractive economically - and almost totally pollution free. Some experts believe the cars will be on the market ‘sooner rather than later’.

 
How does it work?

As the MDI web site explains, 90m3 of compressed air is stored inside the MiniCAT in a carbon-fiber tank (to reduce its weight) at 30 MPa (4500 psi). The engine is powered by this compressed air, and has an injection system similar to normal internal combustion engines - the expansion of the air pushes the pistons and creates movement.

 
So what’s the catch?

Though the car itself uses no fossil fuels and is therefore greenhouse gas emission free at the 'tailpipe', it must be taken into account that the tanks are recharged using (typically) electric compressors and that the electricity for such compressors will usually come from power stations, which are known contributors to greenhouse gas emissions worldwide. Conversion efficiencies of power stations are higher than conversion efficiencies of individual car engines, however.

 
What’s their range?

With the incorporation of bi-energy (compressed air + fuel) the CAT Vehicles have increased their driving range to close to 2000 km with zero pollution in cities and considerably reduced pollution outside urban areas

 
After fourteen years of research and development, Guy Negre of MDI has developed an engine that could become one of the biggest technological advances of this century. His application of Compressed Air Technology (CAT) in automotive vehicles offers proven economical and environmental advantages over other traditional motorcars.

 
Fuel Ghoul would like to thank a WonderCafe.ca user named Waterfall for his contribution to the ‘How will rising gas prices affect society?’ discussion.

Perfect Storm may be the Catalyst to Peak Oil.

Just in time for summer, Canadian gas prices are creeping up toward a $1.20 a liter (Ontario average) on weekends and then bumping down six to ten cents throughout the week. This translates to about $3.56 US per gallon in case anyone wants to compare Canadian and US gas prices (Eastern US is almost at $3.00 a gallon). Yes, even though Canada is oil rich, Canadians still pay more for fuel – it’s the taxes.

High gas prices affect travel plans today

Already Fuel Ghoul’s friends and neighbours are weighing their holiday decisions using new fuel price criteria – should they go to the cottage every weekend? Should they cancel their cross country RV holiday? Should they rent that diesel houseboat this year, or now perhaps the more expensive sailboat will be the cheaper option?

 
But what if the price of gas was higher?

Fuel Ghoul asks you to stop and imagine a real oil crises; what if the price of gas was $2.00 a liter? Or $3.00 a liter? What if, in the next three years, the population of planet Earth experiences the perfect geopolitical storm? Consider this all too plausible but absolutely devastating scenario that causes a crippling energy shortage and becomes a catalyst to a new age of peak oil.
 

Here’s a Peak Oil Scenario for the fall of 2007

Imagine this - In an unprecedented diplomatic show of strength, Iran’s propaganda minister demonstrates that his nation has indeed enriched uranium. Wow. Then he describes a state-of-the-art power generating plant under construction - but of course the United States and Israel launch joint air strikes and destroy the facility (inside Iran) the next day. Immediately after which militant Islamic Fundamentalists in Saudi Arabia respond and use suicide aircraft laden with explosives to cripple two of the world’s largest fuel refineries.

At the same time the entire southern continental United States is struck by a devastating tropical storm which damages oil refineries in Texas.

In the days and weeks before Christmas 2007 gasoline prices hit record highs, food prices soar as trucks cannot afford to make deliveries, and Americans (and Canadians) begin to realize that they now live in the Age of Peak Oil - and things will never be the same.

The shocking truth is that while that this scenario seems mildly fantastic, the same results might be effected by the rising fuel prices strangling economic growth today.

An excellent discussion on Wonder Café.ca has united the membership on this subject and many fascinating insights and remarks can be viewed here.

Toronto's Messy Mulberry Sidewalks.

Mulberry trees make messy sidewalks in this city, and the purple paths underneath their fruitful boughs epitomize everything that’s wrong with urban society today.

 
Mulberry (Morus) is a genus of deciduous trees native to North America, but found all over the world (the leaves of the white mulberry tree are the sole source of food for silkworms). Many residential lawns in Toronto host black mulberry trees, which thrive in our climate. So why do we completely ignore this wholesome fruit?

 
The Life of a Mulberry Tree

Mulberry trees grow fast when they’re young, but after a few years the growth slows – the adult tree rarely exceeds twelve meters in height. Mulberries can be grown from seed, which is advised as seedling-grown trees often have a better shape and are healthier. The trees take about eight years to mature.

 
Mulberries are delicious

The fruit is almost two centimeters long, dark purple to black, edible, with a sweet flavour. In pioneer times these berries were a wholesome addition to pies, tarts, jams and jellies, wines and cordials. The fruit of the black mulberry has the strongest flavour. Each adult tree can produce a massive amount of fruit – one Mulberry tree will produce an equivalent to an acre of strawberries and three acres of raspberries.

Mulberries are good for you

The mature berry contains significant amounts of resveratrol. David Sinclair of the Harvard Medical School, and cofounder of Sirtris Pharmaceuticals, has found that resveratrol increases the activity of a protein called SIRT1. Resveratrol increases the lifespan of mice, and there’s hope that it could do the same for humans.

 
An unfortunate pollen problem

Some North American cities have banned mulberry trees altogether because of the massive amounts of pollen they produce. One report made in El Paso Texas describes pollen counts above 1,500 – and that’s potentially dangerous to some people. According to El Paso's local botanists, mulberry trees can produce between 395 to 10,205 spores per day - nearly four times higher than the city’s second most prolific tree, the juniper or cedar. El Paso’s City Council banned planting new mulberry trees in 1992 because they'd received so darn many complaints.

 
The Mulberry Mystery

The unripe fruit and green parts of the plant have a white sap that’s said to be intoxicating and mildly hallucinogenic. According to Peterson’s Field Guide for Medicinal Plants, 1990, Native Americans made medicine from the roots and used Mulberry sap to treat ringworm. Mulberry wood makes excellent fence posts - the wood doesn’t easily decay in the ground. This mysterious plant still has many secrets to share – its composition is radically different than every other species of tree in North America.

 
Why no mulberries on the market?

Fuel Ghoul has attended strawberry socials, and pear harvest parties and they’re both a lot of fun. I’ve paid over six bucks a quart for raspberries, and more than five dollars a pint for blackcaps (black raspberries) and quite often this fruit is imported from California. Black cherries are imported from the Okanogan Valley in British Columbia sell for over three bucks a kilogram in downtown Toronto fruit markets. So why are there no mulberries for sale? This fruit is just as tasty as those top selling summer classics, and its grown right here in the city.

 
A Mulberry Festival could make millions

Why don’t we plan annual social events around the mulberry harvest? Any street in Toronto, with mulberry trees planted along its sidewalks and a crew of students well paid to harvest each summer’s bounty, could host a million dollar Mulberry Festival each July. Imagine meeting friends on Mulberry Street to eat a slice of mulberry pie adorned with mulberry flavoured ice cream and smothered in sweet black mulberry sauce. The occasion could produce mass tourism dollars, and build community. Such events often become world famous in a short amount of time. Even more attractive is the idea of living closer to nature; a mulberry festival would help develop an urban food source for everyone’s benefit. Instead of walking across purple sidewalks and bemoaning the presence of this ‘nuisance fruit’ in our neighbourhood, we should embrace the mulberry tree and all its delicious mysteries.